SYDNEY, May 2 — Australia’s central bank today stunned markets by raising its cash rate 25 basis points when traders had looked for an extended pause, saying inflation was way too high and warned that even further tightening may be needed to bring it to heel.
The unambiguously hawkish policy stance sent the Australian dollar soaring and bond futures tumbling as markets quickly lifted the peak for interest rates.
Wrapping up its May policy meeting, the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) raised rates to 3.85 per cent and said “some further tightening” may be required to ensure that inflation returns to target in a “reasonable timeframe”.
Markets, as well as a majority of analysts, had been wagering heavily on a steady outcome given core inflation had eased a little more than expected and the full pain of the RBA’s past tightening was yet to be felt in the economy.
The Australian dollar shot up by 1 per cent to US$0.6695 (RM2.99), while three-year futures dived 23 ticks to 96.780, the sharpest daily drop since mid-2012.
Futures slid as the market priced in the new 3.85 per cent rate and implied around a 60 per cent chance rates could reach 4.10 per cent by August.
“Inflation in Australia has passed its peak, but at 7 per cent is still too high and it will be some time yet before it is back in the target range,” said governor Philip Lowe.
“Given the importance of returning inflation to target within a reasonable timeframe, the Board judged that a further increase in interest rates was warranted today.”
The much-watched first quarter consumer prices data last week confirmed that inflation was easing from 33-year highs. However, even after taking into account today’s hike, it is only projected to return to 3 per cent — the top of the RBA’s target band of 2-3 per cent — in mid-2025, according to the central bank’s latest forecasts.
Inflation is now expected to slow to 4.5 per cent this year, compared with the previous forecast of 4.75 per cent.
“This is an awfully long time for inflation to exceed target, and runs the risk that higher inflation expectations will become embedded,” said Sean Langcake, Head of Macroeconomic Forecasting for BIS Oxford Economics.
“This would ultimately lead to even higher interest rates, which the Bank is looking to avoid as it seeks to keep some momentum in the economy”.
Inflation still problematic
Supermarket chain Woolworths is seeing signs of inflation moderating in food, although it remained “frustratingly elevated” in many areas, Chief Executive Officer Brad Banducci said in an earnings call today.
A surge in migration, which could lift population growth to a heady 2.0 per cent this year, is fuelling increases in rents and adding to inflationary pressures in the short-term.
Also yesterday, the RBA lowered the economic growth forecast for this year to 1.25 per cent, compared with 1.5 per cent previously, while projecting the unemployment rate to increase to around 4.5 per cent in mid-2025.
The labour market remained tight, with net employment blowing past expectations in March and the jobless rate hovering at near 50-year lows.
Home prices are also showing signs of bottoming out, having risen for the second straight month in April, supported by rising migration levels and a chronic shortage in housing supply.
Governor Lowe will speak tonight at 0920 local time (2320 GMT) to explain the Board’s thinking behind the surprise hike and answer questions from the audience. — Reuters
